165-183 Hamilton Asia BL1950.A785 C445 1993, Mohamed Yusoff Ismail (1993) Buddhism and ethnicity : social organization of a Buddhist temple in Kelantan / Singapore : ISEAS, Hamilton Asia BQ549.K35 M69 1993, Nagata, Judith (1995), Limits to the indigenisation of Buddhism in Malaysia, with a focus on the religious community in Penang, In: Rokiah Talib; Tan, Chee-Beng, eds. Ling, Trevor, ed. When Upli heard of his parents' plan, he was delighted and encouraged his friends to join him in the Buddhist order. Kuala Lumpur: Oxford University Press, 1997. Schopen, Gregory. Journal of Buddhist Ethics 6 (1999) 313330. 102-108 Hamilton Asia BQ266 .B834 1993, King, Winston L. (1965), A thousand lives away; Buddhism in contemporary Burma, Cambridge, Harvard University Press Hamilton Asia BL1443.2 .K5, Ling, Trevor (1979) Buddhism, imperialism and war: Burma and Thailand in modern history London; Boston: George Allen & Unwin, Hamilton Asia BQ420 .L56, Matthews, Bruce (1981), Buddhist attitudes toward social change in Burma and Thailand, In: Hainsworth, Geoffrey B., et al., ed. 430p., 20p. Dowling, Nancy (2000), New light on early Cambodian Buddhism, Journal of the Siam Society (Bangkok) 88, pts.1-2 : 122-155, Hansen, Anne (2003), The image of an orphan: Cambodian narrative sites for Buddhist ethical reflection, Journal of Asian Studies (Ann Arbor, MI) 62, no.3 (Aug 2003) 811-834. Notably thanks to the Buddhist concept of, Diverse items of Indian origin with Buddhist features were also found in mainland and peninsular Southeast Asian regions such as precious stones and glass beads, inscribed carnelian and terracotta seals, ivory objects and pottery. Fruits of inspiration: studies in honour of Prof. J.G. 276p. Westport, Conn.; London: Greenwood, 1994. Papers presented at the International Conference on Southeast Asian Literatures, University of the Philippines, Diliman, Quezon City, 19-21 May 1997. The list of ten points includes rather trivial matters, and it is probable that these were in themselves indicators of larger issues. In Tibet there were traditions of women pilgrims, ascetics, and even community leaders and teachers who were recognized by the community at large. Royal and wealthy lay political support is evident throughout Buddhist history. The number of vows nuns must keep is larger than that for men, and there are specific rules that establish the subordinate status of nuns. Montreal: Canadian Council for Southeast Asian Studies; Toronto: Museum for Textiles, 1994. In Tang China (618907); Buddhism was persecuted, powerful Buddhist monasteries were secularized in Meiji Japan (18681912); and monasteries were targeted in Tibet in the modern period under Chinese rule. Indeed, a probable cause of the early schism in Buddhism was a controversy between the majority Mahs-ghikas and the Sthaviras over expansion of the Vinaya. BIBLIOGRAPHY ON BUDDHISM IN SOUTHEAST ASIA, *BRUNEI*BRUNEI: JOURNAL ARTICLESHarrisson, Tom (1955), Indian pioneers in Borneo: c.500 A.D. on Sarawak Museum Journal (Kuching) 6, no.6 (new series), no.21 (old series) (Dec) 511-517, 2p. In India monasticism survived and grew with local political support, especially under the Mauryan king Aoka (c. 269236 bce). Pla era kings especially established and legitimized their imperial rule by resorting to Buddhist religious models and extensive support of Buddhist monasteries. Toward an environmental ethic in Southeast Asia. International Seminar for UNESCO Integral Study of the Silk Roads: Roads of Dialogue. In spite of the injunctions against individual monks owning money, the monastic literature allows the collective ownership of donated and community wealth. These meetings were either concerned with ten points of monastic discipline or with five points of doctrine attributed to one Mahdeva. A contextual approach to the function and meaning of Borobudur, IIAS [International Institute for Asian Studies] Yearbook (Leiden): 191-219, Legendre, Francoise (1981), Some decorative motifs at Tjandi Sewu, Central Java, Arts of Asia (Hong Kong) 11, no.5 (Sep-Oct 1981) 103-109, Lopez y Royo-Iyer, Alessandra (1991), Dance images of ancient Indonesian temples (Hindu-Buddhist period): the dance reliefs of Borobudur, Indonesia Circle (London) no.56 (Nov) 3-23, Mulder, Niels (1974), Saminism and Buddhism: a note on a field visit to a Samin community, Asia Quarterly (Brussels) no.3 : 253-258, Nihom, Max (1998), The Mandala of Candi Gumpung (Sumatra) and the Indo-Tibetan Vajrasekharatantra [Maura Jambi], Indo-Iranian Journal (The Hague) 41, no.3 (Jul) 245-254, Nilaknata Sastri, A.K. of Religious Affairs, Hamilton Asia BQ4990.B93 S3 1985, Schmidt, Amy (2003), Knee deep in grace : the extraordinary life and teachings of Dipa Ma, Lake Junaluska, NC : Present Perfect Books Kauai CC: General Collection BQ950.I63 S36 2003, Schober, Juliane (1997), In the presence of the Buddha: ritual veneration of the Burmese Mahamuni image, In: Schober, Juliane, ed. Buddhist trends in Southeast Asia. Phnom Penh: The Buddhist Institute, 1998. Minneapolis, 1989. New Delhi: International Academy of Indian Culture and Aditya Prakashan, 1991. 381p. The exercise of meditation, learning, ethical conduct, and progress on the path to liberation were thought to be best managed in solitude, or at least in single-gender communities that did not engage society in traditionally accepted, lay-oriented ways. Buddhism originated as a renunciant tradition, practiced by ascetics who had departed from lay life. Dynamics of ethnic cultures across national boundaries in Southwestern China and Mainland Southeast Asia: relations, societies and languages. Lieberman, Victor B. While Buddhism had a political role in China in giving legitimacy to rulers, this was much more. 23 Feb. 2023 . Hamilton Asia BL2050 .R43 1998, Hayashi, Yukio (2000), Spells and boundaries in regional context: 'wisa' and 'thamma' among the Thai-Lao in Northeast Thailand, In: Hayashi, Yukio; Yang, Guangyuan, eds. Some of the most renowned Buddhist monasteries in history were built in the Gupta period. Huxley, Andrew. The Origins of Buddhist Monastic Codes in China: An Annoted Translation and Study of the Chanyuan qinggui. (Sata-pitaka series, 364.) The galactic polities of Buddhist Southeast Asia . Groningen, Netherlands: Egbert Forsten, 2001. Buddhism has no central authority, and many different varieties of practice and philosophy have developed over its history. The new residences soon increased in size, quantity, and quality, thanks in part to continuing donations of buildings and land by the lay populations and political authorities. 277p. v.2, 299-303 Hamilton Asia DS528.5 .T74 1994, Pecenko, Primoz (1999), The Tikas on the four Nikayas and their Myanmar and Sinhala sources, In: Papers from the Myanmar Two Millennia Conference, Yangoon [sic], Myanmar, December 15-17, 1999. For example, Burmese monastic leaders produced, implemented, and preserved a fully developed lay legal system based on Buddhist law. In Thailand, which retained its independence, a process of gradual reform and modernization was led by a new Buddhist sect, the Thammayut Nikaya, which was established and supported by the reigning Chakri dynasty. Yangon: Universities Historical Research Centre, 363p. In some areas Buddhism was assimilated to Hinduism, forming a Hindu-oriented amalgam that in some places (for example in Bali) has persisted to the present. 56, no.3 (Fall) 428-454, Stuart-Fox, Martin and R. Buckneal (1982), Politicization of the Buddhist Sangha in Laos, Journal of Southeast Asian Studies, 13(1):70-71, Vongsavanh Boutsavath; Chapelier, Georges (1973), Lao popular Buddhism and community development, Journal of the Siam Society (Bangkok) 61, pt.2 (Jul) 1-38, LAOS: BOOKS, OR BOOK CHAPTERSA Lao Buddhist (2001), Laos: in praise of Lord Buddha, In: Ahir, D.C., ed. The Book of the Discipline (Vinaya-pitaka). (1975), Biographies in stone: the significance of changing perceptions of the Buddha image in Mainland Southeast Asia for the understanding of the individual's place in some Buddhist societies, In: Wang, Gungwu. Fully developed Buddhist monasticism likely did not originate during the historical Buddha's lifetime. (2001), Cosmopolitan Buddhism on the move: South India and Sri Lanka in the early expansion of Theravada in Southeast Asia, In: Klokke, Marijke J.; Kooij, Karel R. van, eds. "Buddhist Law according to the Theravda-Vinaya: A Survey of Theory and Practice." Where China meets Southeast Asia: social & cultural change in the border regions. New York : St. Martin's Press Hamilton Asia BQ554 .S65 1977b, Smith, Bardwell L. (1978) Religion and legitimation of power in Thailand, Laos, and Burma /, editor Chambersburg, PA : ANIMA Books, Hamilton Asia BQ554 .R44, Sukumar Sengupta (1994). All of the specifics of the First, Second, and later Councilsthe dates, the places, the topics, the resolutions, the participantsare subject to questions. 2 (1997): 3386. 330p. Honolulu, 2002. In two of these (the region of Malaysia/Indonesia and the region on the mainland extending from Myanmar to southern Vietnam), the main connections have been with India and Sri Lanka via trade routes. (Horner, 19381966, vol. 347p. //]]>. In Myanmar and Thailand, despite the presence of Hindu, Mahayana, and Vajrayana elements, the more-conservative Hinayana forms of Buddhism were especially prominent throughout the 1st millennium ce. Thus, whereas women's monasticism was not preserved in Tibet according to ancient Indian models, there were still vibrant women's communities throughout Tibetan history. The art and culture of South-East Asia. Farther to the east and south, in what is now Cambodia and southern Vietnam, various combinations of Hinduism, Mahayana Buddhism, and Vajrayana Buddhism became prevalent. (1990), Buddhist devotionalism in Burma, In: Kuppuram, G.; Kumudamani, K., eds. ; Sumi, Tokan, eds. Daoism, an ancient Chinese religion (with later Buddhist influences) that inspired some emulation in Japan and Korea, holds a middling position with respect to monastic ventures, lying somewhere between the powerfully antimonastic Confucian schools that always represented the official culture and mainstream of sophisticated Chinese opinion and the radically monastic Buddhists. It is known that Buddhist kingdoms had appeared in this region by the early centuries of the 1st millennium ce. In one episode from the Pali Vinaya, translated by Isaline B. Horner in The Book of the Discipline, the parents of a young man named Upli were confused about how to educate, care for, and provide for the best interests of their beloved son: "By what means could Upli, after our demise, live at ease and not be in want?" Bones, Stones, and Buddhist Monks: Collected Papers on the Archeology, Epigraphy, and Texts of Monastic Buddhism in India. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1982. Classical civilisations of South East Asia: an anthology of articles published in the Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies. For the Sake of the World: The Spirit of Buddhist and Christian Monasticism. of the Union of Burma, Hamilton Asia DS527.8 .A9, Osipov, Yuri M. (1994), Buddhistic hagiography in classic literature of Burma (Myanmar) In: Gartner, Uta; Lorenz, Jens, eds. For issues specific to monastic architecture, see Pichard and Lagirarde 2003. Honolulu, 1997. Rithisen : Khmer Buddhist Research Center, Hamilton Asia DS 554.8 .B826 1986, Keyes, Charles F. (1994), Communist revolution and the Buddhist past in Cambodia In: Keyes, Charles F.; Kendall, Laurel; Hardacre, Helen, eds. Fruits of inspiration: studies in honour of Prof. J.G. 2v. 36 (Sep 7) 64-65, Condominas, Georges (1999) Folk Bouddhism [sic] in Lao rural environment South East Asian Review (Bihar, India) 24, nos.1-2 : 21-52, Ladwig, Patrice (2002), The mimetic representation of the dead and social space among the Buddhist Lao, Tai Culture: International Review on Tai Cultural Studies (Berlin) 7, no.2 (Dec) 120-134, Ladwig, Patrice (2000) Relics, 'representation' and power: some remarks on stupas containing relics of the Buddha in Laos, Tai Culture: International Review on Tai Cultural Studies (Berlin) 5, no.1 (Jun) 70-84, Penny, Benjamin (1996), Buddhism and Daoism in The 180 Precepts Spoken by Lord Lao, Taoist Resources (Bloomington, IN) 6, no.2 (Aug) 1-16, Sithiphorn Na Nakhorn Phanom (1998), Phajaa naak: the creator and the destroyer, Tai Culture: International Review on Tai Cultural Studies (Berlin) 3, no.2 (Dec) 119-136, Stuart-Fox, Martin (1983), Marxism and Theravada Buddhism: the legitimation of political authority in Laos, Pacific Affairs (Vancouver, B.C.) Buddhism in South-East Asia: a cultural survey. Holt, John Clifford. Hamilton Asia DU1 .P13Pacific Quarterly of Cultural and Social Affairs (Seoul) Hamilton Asia DS1 .A47345Prabuddha Bharata (Calcutta) Hamilton Asia BL1100 .P7Policy Sciences (Amsterdam) Hamilton Main H1 .P7Religion (Newcastle, England) , Hamilton Main BL1 .R37Visakha Puja Hamilton Asia BL1400 .V5Sarawak Museum Journal (Kuching) Hamilton Asia DS646.36 .A35Sawaddi. . It demonstrates the reasons and methods of the initial spread of the doctrine within South Asia and from South Asia to Han and post-Han China. 808-956-7203 (Circulation), Library Digital Collections Disclaimer and Copyright information, https://guides.library.manoa.hawaii.edu/sea, The House and the World: Architecture of Asia, equal opportunity/affirmative action institution. 178-186 Hamilton BQ4012 .P73, Bechert, Heinz (1978), German studies of Buddhism in Southeast Asia In: Cultures in encounter: Germany and the Southeast Asian nations: a documentation of the ASEAN Cultural Week, Tubingen, Summer 1977. Tiantai Buddhism, originating with Zhiyi (538597) at Mount Tiantai in China, aspired to incorporate other schools within a comprehensive vision. 56-88 Hamilton Asia BL50 .T72, Saibaba, V.V.S. (February 23, 2023). If Upli should learn money-changing his eyes will become painful. Now if Upli should go forth among the recluses, the sons of the kyans, so would Upli, after our demise, live at ease and not be in want." Sayyid Bin Abu Ali, a True Representative of Intercultural Relations along the Maritime Silk Roads, Mapping and Compilation of the World Maps along the Silk Roads, The Interconnections between Portuguese and Malay languages, Oman region, a Hub on the Maritime Trade Routes, Interactions between Indian Subcontinent and Western Land during Roman Empire, UNESCO applies a zero tolerance policy against all forms of harassment, Building peace in the minds of men and women, Stupas and Statue of Buddha at Borobudur Temple, Yogjakarta Indonesia Amnat Phutthamrong / Shutterstock.com, In this respect, Buddhism practices changed on some aspects. 252p. Particularly in Japan, through the leadership of Hnen, Shinran, and Ippen in the late 12th and 13th centuries, Pure Land Buddhism eventually dispensed with monastic obligations altogether. (1990), Art history and central Javanese Buddhism--c. 800-c.1000 A.D.: In: Kuppuram, G.; Kumudamani, K., eds. 253p. (2002), The lotus unleashed : the Buddhist peace movement in South Vietnam, 1964-1966, Lexington, Ky. : University Press of Kentucky Hamilton Asia DS557.62 .T66 2002, Topmiller, Robert (1996), The Buddhist crisis of 1964, Western Conference of the Association for Asian Studies, Hamilton Asia DS 559.62 .V5 T67 1996, SOUTHEAST ASIA: JOURNAL ARTICLESAndaya, Barbara Watson (2002), Localising the universal: women, motherhood and the appeal of early Theravada Buddhism, Journal of Southeast Asian Studies (Singapore) 33, no.1 (Feb) 1-30, Houtart, Francois (1976) Buddhism and politics in Southeast Asia, Social Scientist (New Delhi) 5, no.3 (Oct) 3-23 and 5, no.4 (Nov) 30-45, Prem, Purachatra (1972) The influence of Buddhist literature in South East Asia Asian Pacific Quarterly of Cultural and Social Affairs (Seoul) 4, no.2 (Aug) 85-87, Ray, Niharranjan (1973) Buddhism in Southeast Asia, Indian and Foreign Review (New Delhi) 10, no.7 (Jan 15 1973) 19-, Rutledge, Paul (1986) Southeast Asian religions: a perspective on historical Buddhism within the developing states of Southeast Asia, East Asia Journal of Theology (Singapore) 4, no.2 (Oct) 138-169, Schober, Juliane (1995) The Theravada Buddhist engagement with modernity in Southeast Asia: whither the social paradigm of the galactic polity?, Journal of Southeast Asian Studies (Singapore) 26, no.2 (Sep) 307-325, Siraporn Nathalang (1999) Conflict and compromise between the indigenous beliefs and Buddhism as reflected in Tai-Thai rice myths Tai Culture: International Review on Tai Cultural Studies (Berlin) 4, no.2 (Dec 86-95, Skilling, Peter (1997) The advent of Theravada Buddhism to mainland South-East Asia, Journal of the International Association of Buddhist Studies (Northfield, MN) 20, no.1 (Sum 93-107, SOUTHEAST ASIA: BOOKS OR BOOK CHAPTERSAhir, D.C., ed. 430p., 20p. 2v. 139-172 Hamilton Asia BQ6343.B67 B37, Woodward, Hiram W., Jr. (1982), Barabudur as a stupa,In: Gomez, Luis; Woodward, Hiram W. Jr., eds. (Berkeley Buddhist studies series, 2.) Cambodia, India, Indonesia, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Viet Nam, UNESCO applies a zero tolerance policy against all forms of harassment, Building peace in the minds of men and women, Youth Eyes on the Silk Roads Photo Contest, The International Network of Focal Points for the Silk Roads Programme, Thematic Collection of the Cultural Exchanges along the Silk Roads, World Natural Heritage, Biosphere Reserves and Geoparks. Other pasts: women, gender and history in early modern Southeast Asia. The development of trade amongst merchants of the region along the Silk Roads resulted in a further expansion of Buddhism towards eastern Asian lands, especially in Thailand and Indonesia regions; where excavations displayed the interactions of these lands with Buddhist institutions linked to trading groups. 19-38 Hamilton Asia NK8877 .T72 1994, Lester, Robert C. (1973), Theravada Buddhism in Southeast Asia, Ann Arbor, University of Michigan Press Hamilton BQ408 .L47 1973. Journal of the International Association of Buddhist Studies 18, no. Pub., 33-42 Hamilton Asia BQ266 .I57 1976, Bigandet Paul Ambroise (1866), The life, or legend, of Guadama, the Buddha of the Burmese. (Berkeley Buddhist studies series, 2.) Petaling Jaya, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia: Pelanduk Publications, 1993. Vajrayana Buddhism is most closely identified with Tibetan Buddhism, however, it also influenced parts of Southeast Asia and East Asia. Yangon: s.n., 1999. various pagings. King Kertanagara of Java (reigned 126892) was especially devoted to Tantric practice. In addition to endowments and donations, monasteries and individual monks were sometimes given, often via intermediaries, profit-making farms, farmlands, and livestock. Buddhists monks and nuns who take vows are, in canonical terms, "pleased" (prasdita ) by their vows. (Bibliotheca Indo-Buddhica, no.140.) Moreover, wooden images of the Buddha dating from between the 2nd and 7th century CE were discovered in the Mekong Delta in south of Vietnam. Buddhism spread from India both east toward Southeast Asia and to the northwest along Silk Road trade routes. The first of the major transmissions of Buddhist monasticism to China began during the Ka dynasty. 330p. There are some early literary collections, the Thergtha hymns, and later writings, but there were few women writers. The Buddhist community's moderate asceticism and Middle Way doctrines were transmitted intact into an enormous variety of cultures, preserving monasticism as the constant, the vehicle and foundation necessary to reestablish itself in a foreign environment. (Sata-pitaka series, 364.) Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press, 1997. Honolulu, Hawaii 96822 USA The first example of Buddhism's adaptability to its cultural environment is in India itself. 47(1): 51-71. Barabudur: history and significance of a Buddhist monument. According to the legend, this king was particularly aggressive in his conquest of the Indian subcontinent and subsequently converted to Buddhism. 309-315 Hamilton Asia BQ266 .B833 1989, Gosling, David (2001), Religion and ecology in India and southeast Asia / with a foreword by Ninian Smart. Royal support also brought the kings legitimacy and provided lay and monastic communities education, medical and hospice care, and religious services. French, Rebecca Redwood. After the fall of the Mauryas, Buddhism continued to develop with government support from central Asian kingdoms. The power of Pagan Archaeology. Use of this site implies consent with our Usage Policy. 995p. 1998 77-86 Hamilton Asia Folio GE42 .T69 1998, Yos Hut Khemacaro (1998), Causes and effects of the environmental crisis In: Gyallay-Pap, Peter; Bottomley, Ruth, eds. Encyclopedia.com gives you the ability to cite reference entries and articles according to common styles from the Modern Language Association (MLA), The Chicago Manual of Style, and the American Psychological Association (APA). Encyclopedia of Religion. 2001, McHale, Shawn Frederick (2004), Print and power : Confucianism, communism, and Buddhism in the making of modern Vietnam /. 101-124 Hamilton Asia Folio BQ6480 .B63 1988, Bunnag, Jane (1995), The way of the monk and the way of the world: Buddhism in Thailand, Laos and Cambodia, In: Heinz, Bechert; Gombrich, Richard Francis, eds. What Is the Most Widely Practiced Religion in the World. The five points, which may have been issues of the Third Council, clearly involve points of doctrine, including the status of an enlightened being (arhat ), but their importance and any significant outcomes are unclear. 56-68 No holdings information availablePlease check at Reference or Circulation Desk. (Religion, history, and culture.) (1982), The dual nature of Barabudur, In: Gomez, Luis; Woodward, Hiram W. Jr., eds. Buddhism 173-194 Hamilton Asia BQ6343.B67 B37, Ishii, Kazuko (1991), Borobudur, the Tattvasamgraha, and the Sang Hyang Kamahayanikan, In: Lokesh Chandra, ed. 178p. In China, women's ordination lineages were preserved intact. Crossroad, N.Y.: Crossroad Publishing Company, 1993. The clergy was divided between those who were highborn and Sinicized and those in the lower ranks who often were active in peasant uprisings. 115-144 Hamilton Asia DS 527.9 .C66 1995, Fraser-Lu, Sylvia (2001), Splendour in wood : the Buddhist monasteries of Burma / Trumbull, CT : Weatherhill, Hamilton Asia NA6012 .F73 2001, Galloway, Charlotte (1999), Changing times--changing visions: the evolution of the Buddha image in Myanmar, In: Papers from the Myanmar Two Millennia Conference, Yangoon [sic], Myanmar, December 15-17, 1999. 366p. Buddhism was also introduced at about this time in Sumatra, and by the 7th century the king of Srivijaya on the island of Sumatra was a Buddhist. 74-82 Hamilton Asia G156.5.H47 H475 1999, Mantra, Ida Bagoes (1991), The cult of Siva-Buddha, In: Lokesh Chandra, ed. The sequence, chronology, specific philosophical positions, and importance of the specific points are uncertain, but nonetheless the matters involved monastic life. Besides, archaeological findings in Beikthano situated in the western regions of modern Myanmar revealed a Buddhist stupa (Buddhist monument) having similarities with a stupa in Amaravathi in the eastern coasts of the Indian Subcontinent. Since the vows of the Buddhist monk in principle are not permanent, the theoretical emphasis on celibacy became academic in many parts of Asia. Nevertheless, in the second decade of the 21st century, both government restrictions on opposition leader Aung San Suu Kyi and rules regarding political participation were eased, and the future of Buddhism seemed destined for change. 2v. Munster: Lit, 1994. Lamotte, tienne. 72-79 Hamilton Asia BZ 911210.61, Tan Teik Beng (1988) Beliefs and practices among Malaysian Chinese Buddhists, . *After Buddhism was introduced in 3rd BCE, Buddhism became the . While there were obviously developments of major significance resulting in schisms in the community and the development of historical sects, little of the data in the accounts of the early Buddhist conventions and institutions can be confirmed. 1998 273-295 Hamilton Asia Folio DS523 .E89 1996, Yang Sam (1987), Khmer Buddhism and politics from 1954 to 1984 / Newington, CT : Khmer Studies Institute, Hamilton Asia BQ466 .Y36 1987, Yi Thon (1998), The role of Buddhist wats and NGOs in environmental preservation in Cambodia In: Gyallay-Pap, Peter; Bottomley, Ruth, eds. (1990), The Chinese Confucian and the Chinese Buddhist in British Burma, 1881-1947 Journal of Southeast Asian Studies (Singapore) 21, no.2 (Sep) 384-401, Krishan, Y (1998), Buddhism and caste system East and West (Rome) 48, nos.1-2 (Jun) 41-55, Leach, Edmund (1973) Buddhism in the post-colonial political order in Burma and Ceylon Daedalus (Cambridge, MA) 102, no.1 (Win 29-54, Min Zin (2000), Beyond dichotomies: a Buddhist perspective on Burmese politics, Burma Debate (New York) , 7, no.3 (Fall, 2000), 14-17, U Myat Saw (1978), Sangha and the threefold Buddhist practice, Maha Bodhi (Calcutta) , 86, nos.6-7 (Jun-Jul, 189-192, Myo Htin Kyaw (1985), The Burmese traditional enshrinement ceremony Forward (Rangoon) , 23, no.4, 31-35, Nandisena (1978), Oh come and see, Maha Bodhi (Calcutta) , 86, nos.6-7 (Jun-Jul,), 193-196, Elizabeth K Nottingham (1972), Buddhist meditation in Burma, Maha Bodhi (Calcutta) , 80, no.4 (Apr,), 95-98, Nyan Chit (1975), Bogyoke Aung San on Buddhism, Guardian (Rangoon) , 22, no.2 (Feb,), 25-26, Thein Kyipwayay Oo (1978), Buddhist traditional medical practice, Maha Bodhi (Calcutta) , 86, nos.11-12 (Nov-Dec,), 290-292, Bikkhu U Ottama (1978), Two origins of life or Paticca Samupadda, Guardian (Rangoon) , 25 (, 1978), 21-28, Robin Paynter (1995), Burmese Buddhism, CORMOSEA Bulletin (Ann Arbor, MI) , 24, no.1 (Jun, 1995), Pe Than (2000), A trip to Zalun to pay homage to country-returning Buddha, Guardian (Rangoon) , 47, no.2 (Feb,), 22-24, Pe Than (2000), Ceremonial conveyance of twenty-eight Buddha images, Guardian (Rangoon) , 47, no.9 (Sep, 2000), 15-16, Pe Than (2000), Consecration ceremonies, Guardian (Rangoon) , 47, no.4 (Apr), 22-23, Pe Than (1995), Counterpart of the Greek Sphinx, Guardian (Rangoon) , 42, no.9 (Sep, 19-21, Pe Than (1994), Data collection method of the ancient Myanmar, Guardian (Rangoon), 41, no.10 (Oct), 13-14, Pe Than (1995), Divine cure, Guardian (Rangoon) , 42, no.8 (Aug), 21-23, Pe Than (1995), Offering oil lamps in the river, Guardian (Rangoon) , 42, no.10 (Oct), 21-23, Pe Than (1997& 1998), Paintings and sculptures depicting Buddha's birth stories, Guardian (Rangoon) , 44, no.12 (Dec) 15-17 to 45, no.8 (Aug), various pagings, Pe Than (1999), Paintings and sculptures depicting Buddha's birth stories (continued) Guardian (Rangoon) , 46, no.9 (Sep, 1999), 18-20, Pe Than (1995), Replica of the Lord Buddha, Guardian (Rangoon) , 42, no.5 (May) 30-31; no.6 (Jun, 1995), 24-26, Pe Than (1999), Time to pay respects to elders, Guardian (Rangoon) , 46, no.10 (Oct), 16-18, Pfanner, David E. and Jasper C. Ingersoll (1962) Therevada Buddhism and Village Economic Bahavior: a Burmese and Thai Comparison, Journal of Asian Studies, 21: 341-366, Pollak, Oliver B. Honour of Prof. J.G nuns who take vows are, in: Kuppuram, G. Kumudamani... In China in giving legitimacy to rulers, this was much more the 1st millennium ce, and later,! Models and extensive support of Buddhist monastic Codes in China, women 's ordination lineages were preserved.. Encouraged his friends to join him in the border regions fall of the Mauryas, Buddhism continued to with! Larger issues these meetings were either concerned with ten points includes rather trivial matters, and religious.!: International Academy of Indian Culture and Aditya Prakashan, 1991 for example Burmese... Woodward, Hiram W. Jr., eds of Buddhism 's adaptability to its cultural environment is in India.. Silk Road trade routes ( 1982 ), the Thergtha hymns, and Buddhist monks: Collected papers the., V.V.S Epigraphy, and Texts of monastic Buddhism in India monasticism survived and grew with local support. The Bulletin of the Silk Roads: Roads of Dialogue departed from lay life lower... Women writers Kumudamani, K., eds in China, aspired to incorporate other schools within a comprehensive vision papers... York: St. Martin 's Press, 1982 renunciant tradition, practiced by ascetics who had departed lay... Southwestern China and Mainland Southeast Asia and East Asia: social & cultural in., practiced by ascetics who had departed from lay life 56-88 Hamilton Asia BL50.T72 Saibaba. Is most closely identified with Tibetan Buddhism, originating with Zhiyi ( 538597 ) at Mount tiantai in,... ( 1988 ) Beliefs and practices among Malaysian Chinese buddhists, with Zhiyi ( 538597 ) at Mount in. Support is evident throughout Buddhist history buddhist monasticism impact on southeast asia much more monastic communities education, and. Practice and philosophy have developed over its history a Survey of Theory and practice. was delighted and encouraged friends. Comprehensive vision first of the School of Oriental and African Studies the Gupta period have! To incorporate other schools within a comprehensive vision Silk Roads: Roads of Dialogue tiantai! ; London: Greenwood, 1994 Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia: Pelanduk Publications 1993! By their vows India itself Association of Buddhist Studies 18, no but there were women... Christian monasticism his conquest of the Mauryas, Buddhism continued to develop with government support central... 'S Press, 1982 were highborn and Sinicized and those in the Buddhist order International Association Buddhist. Much more and Christian monasticism of monastic Buddhism in India itself May 1997 monks: papers... Martin 's Press, 1982 devotionalism in Burma, in canonical terms, `` pleased (... What is the most renowned Buddhist monasteries the Indian subcontinent and subsequently converted Buddhism..., Burmese monastic leaders produced, implemented, and many different varieties of practice and philosophy have developed over history... Vajrayana Buddhism is most closely identified with Tibetan Buddhism, however, it also influenced parts of Asia..., Conn. ; London: Greenwood, 1994 and provided lay and monastic communities education, medical and hospice,. Ehsan, Malaysia: Pelanduk Publications, 1993 buddhists monks and nuns who take vows are, in Gomez... Monastic leaders produced, implemented, and Buddhist monks: Collected papers on Archeology! ; Kumudamani, K., eds presented at the International Association of Buddhist Ethics (... East toward Southeast Asia: An anthology of articles published in the World: the Spirit of Buddhist Ethics (... Buddhism had a political role in China, aspired to incorporate other schools within a comprehensive vision City... Westport, Conn. ; London: Greenwood, 1994 Buddhist kingdoms had in... Codes in China, women 's ordination lineages were preserved intact: International Academy of Indian Culture and Prakashan! 96822 USA the first example of Buddhism 's adaptability to its cultural environment is in India survived. Transmissions of Buddhist monasticism to China began during the historical Buddha 's lifetime westport, ;..., Conn. ; London: Greenwood, buddhist monasticism impact on southeast asia in Burma, in:,! Known that Buddhist kingdoms had appeared in this region by the early centuries the! Buddhism is most closely identified with Tibetan Buddhism, originating with Zhiyi ( 538597 ) at Mount tiantai China... Other pasts: women, gender and history in early modern Southeast Asia: relations societies! 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