When overtaking and passing another bicycle or vehicle proceeding in the same direction; When proceeding straight in a right-turn-only lane; or. When the driver is passing a person operating a bicycle on the person's right side and the person operating the bicycle is turning left. E-bikes have even been embraced by the nations rapidly expanding bike-share systems. In addition, when a person is riding a bicycle upon a sidewalk, pathway or crosswalk the bicyclist shall: Sources: Colo. Rev. Code 39-07-01; 39-10.1-02. Michigan does not have any vulnerable road user laws at this time. 13 02.400(g), Alaska requires that when a shoulder of the highway is maintained in good condition, an operator of a bicycle shall use the shoulder of the roadway. 291C-150; 74 H. 308, 844 P.2d 670. Utah offers Share the Road license plates. Any licensee issued a restricted license shall not operate a wireless communication device while driving a motor vehicle. Code tit. New York requires that the operator of a vehicle overtaking, from behind, a bicycle proceeding on the same side of a roadway shall pass to the left of such bicycle at a safe distance until safely clear. Source: D.C. Code Mun. Stat. Vermont defines a "vulnerable user" as a pedestrian; an operator of highway building, repair, or maintenance equipment or of agricultural equipment; a person operating a wheelchair or other personal mobility device, whether motorized or not; a person operating a bicycle or other non-motorized means of transportation (such as, but not limited to, roller skates, rollerblades, or roller skis); or a person riding, driving, or herding an animal. New Hampshire's law prohibiting driving while under the influence of alcohol or other controlled substances is written so that it applies to all vehicles and therefore applies to bicyclists. In Maryland, bicycles are defined as vehicles. It is legal for all persons of any age to operate a bicycle without wearing a helmet unless otherwise provided by a municipal regulation. However, a bicyclists using a sidewalk or crosswalk shall: A bicyclist operating on a crosswalk or sidewalk shall obey an official traffic control device applicable to a pedestrian unless otherwise directed by a police officer or other designated person. Texas does not require that bicyclists use any lane or path other than a normal vehicular traffic lane. Arkansas requires that no person open the door of a motor vehicle on the side available to moving traffic unless and until it is reasonably safe to do so. A court may also impose: 1) License suspension; and 2) An order of restitution. When the driver is passing a bicyclist's right side and the person operating the bicycle is turning left. In addition, Arkansas provides for certain age-based restrictions, subject to an emergency exception: Sources: Ark. Ohio does not have any vulnerable road user laws at this time. For further information on e-bike laws, research, news and industry updates visitPeople for Bikes. Tennessee requires that any person under the age of 16 riding a bicycle, as an operator or passenger, must wear a protective bicycle helmet. Idaho requires that no person open the door of a motor vehicle on a side available to moving traffic unless and until it is reasonably safe to do so and can be done without interfering with the movement of other traffic. Once the person has yielded, he may proceed through the steady red light with caution; However, a person making a right-hand turn must only slow to a reasonable speed and yield the right-of-way if required before cautiously making such a turn; and. To throw any stone, rock, missile or any substance at any bicycle; or, Wrongfully to injure, deface or damage any bicycle or any part thereof, If a driver violates certain laws related to driving in a school zone and is the proximate cause of a collision with a pedestrian or a person riding a bicycle there are increased penalties due to such collision; and. In Colorado bicycles are vehicles according to the statute that defines vehicles and a person riding a bicycle has all of the rights and duties of the driver of a vehicle as provided in Article 42-4. Tennessee does not specifically provide for local authorities to regulate the operation of bicycles or require registration of bicycles, although such authorities may regulate the operation of bicycles through the exercise of their other legal powers. Gen. Laws. In Michigan bicycles are not vehicles according to the statute that defines vehicles, but a person riding a bicycle has all of the rights and duties of the driver of a vehicle as provided in Chapter 257 of the Michigan Code, except as to those provisions which by their nature can have no application. Code Ann. When traveling at a lawful rate of speed commensurate with the speed of any nearby traffic; Nevada Department of Motor Vehicles Traffic Laws page: No person may write a text message or uses two hands to type on or operate an electronic or telecommunications device while operating a moving motor vehicle; No person shall drive a motor vehicle while viewing a broadcast television image or a visual image from an image display device when the vehicle is in motion on a way; and. However, the law provides for exceptions to this requirement under any of the following situations: California does not have a statute that specifically authorizes or prohibits the operation of a bicycle upon a sidewalk. If the individual operating a bicycle is involved in a collision with a vehicle in the intersection or junction of roadways after proceeding past a stop sign without stopping or past a steady red traffic - control light, the collision is deemed prima facie evidence of the individual's failure to yield the right of way. Obey all traffic signs and signals. Bicycles are required to ride in the bicycle lane except when necessary to pass another person riding a bicycle or to avoid an obstruction in the bicycle lane. To travel no more than two abreast when traffic is not impeded. Colorado provides that its traffic laws shall not be deemed to prevent local authorities, with respect to streets and highways under their jurisdiction and within the reasonable exercise of the police power, except those streets and highways that are parts of the state highway system, from regulating the operation of bicycles and requiring the registration and licensing of same, including the requirement of a registration fee, consistent with state traffic laws. Ann. tit. A person may not drive a school bus or transit vehicle while using a wireless telephone. nor shall any person ride a bicycle upon a sidewalk in any area outside of the Central Business District if it is expressly prohibited by Order of the Mayor and appropriate signs to such effect are posted. Washington requires that no person open the door of a motor vehicle on the side adjacent to moving traffic unless and until it is reasonably safe to do so, and can be done without interfering with the movement of other traffic. No person shall operate a motor vehicle upon a highway while using a hand-held mobile telephone to engage in a call or while using a mobile electronic device while such vehicle is in motion, An operator of a motor vehicle may not type, send or read a text message with a hand-held mobile telephone or mobile electronic device while such vehicle is in motion, No person shall use a hand-held mobile telephone or other electronic device, including those with hands-free accessories, or a mobile electronic device while operating a moving school bus that is carrying passengers, No person under eighteen years of age shall use any hand-held mobile telephone, including one with a hands-free accessory, or a mobile electronic device while operating a moving motor vehicle on a public highway. Hawaii requires that every bicyclist, traveling at a speed less than the speed of traffic, must ride as near to the right-hand curb, on the edge of the roadway, or on the shoulder off of the roadway as practicable, exercising due care when passing a standing vehicle or one proceeding in the same direction; except under any of the following situations: Hawaii provides that unless otherwise prohibited, a bicycle may be driven at a speed of ten miles per hour or less on a sidewalk or sidewalk area; provided that the driver of the bicycle shall yield the right-of-way to any pedestrian and that bicycle riding shall be prohibited on sidewalks in business districts. Yield the right-of-way to any pedestrian and shall give an audible signal before overtaking and passing such pedestrian in a manner that is safe for pedestrians. There are currently no national standards for laws protecting vulnerable road users, but the League of American Bicyclists has drafted a Model Vulnerable Road User statute,which you can findhere. 2079.4; 2081.12. 29-A 2116; 2118; 2119. that no person shall ride a bicycle upon a sidewalk within the Central Business District except on those sidewalks expressly designated by Order of the Mayor. Stat. Code Ann. & Traf. Except as provided by resolution or ordinance of a local government for sidewalks within the jurisdiction of such local government authorizing the operation of bicycles on sidewalks by persons 12 years of age or younger, no person shall drive any vehicle upon a sidewalk or sidewalk area except upon a permanent or duly authorized driveway. Oregon Department of Transportation Laws and Regulations page: Bicycle Transportation Alliance Legal Clinic: Portland Bureau of Transportation Bicycle law resources: No driver shall operate a motor vehicle on a roadway while using an interactive wireless communications device to send, read or write a text-based communication while the vehicle is in motion. Montana does not have any vulnerable road user laws at this time. Pennsylvania's law prohibiting driving while under the influence of alcohol or other controlled substances is written so that it applies to all vehicles and therefore applies to bicyclists. When operating upon a one-way highway having 2 or more lanes available for traffic may ride as near the left-hand edge or curb of the roadway as practicable. North Carolina's law prohibiting driving while under the influence of alcohol or other controlled substances is written so that it applies to all vehicles and therefore likely applies to bicyclists. 60-6,179.01; 60-6,179.02; 60-4,124(5)(b). When a bicyclist is operating on a sidewalk or crosswalk a bicyclist shall have the rights and duties of a pedestrian in the same circumstances. Law), available herehttp://public.leginfo.state.ny.us/lawssrch.cgi?NVLWO: North Carolina does not have a law that sets a specific distance for a motor vehicle overtaking a bicycle. For more information on such plates please visit:http://www.okbike.org/. Washington has no helmet law. In Georgia, bicycles are defined as vehicles. A person who caused the death of a vulnerable user by the operation of a vehicle in a negligent manner may be charged with negligent homicide in the first degree, a class B felony. Ann. Maryland requires that any person under the age of 16 riding a bicycle, as an operator or passenger, must wear a protective bicycle helmet. Operates a motor vehicle within three feet of a vulnerable user of a highway; Distracts or attempts to distract a vulnerable user of a highway for the purpose of causing violence or injury to the vulnerable user of a highway; or. Let's consider an overview of the ones you need to keep in mind. Ch.90, 13B; Mass. Some states, including Alabama and Alaska, that define e-bikes in some manner still nonetheless require an operators license to ride an e-bike. Nebraska has no helmet law. The laws regulating the operation of bicycles in the state of Montana are generally found in Chapter 61 of the Montana Code Annotated (Mont. In Pennsylvania, bicycles are defined as vehicles. tit. In addition, an individual operating a bicycle on a bikeway shall leave a safe distance when overtaking a bicycle or individual proceeding in the same direction on the bikeway, and shall maintain clearance until safely past the overtaken bicycle or individual, Source: Minn. Stat. The League of American Bicyclists is not responsible for any exclusions, omissions, deletions, or changes of relevant laws. Pennsylvania requires that the driver of a motor vehicle overtaking a bicycle proceeding in the same direction shall pass to the left of the bicycle within not less than four feet at a careful and prudent reduced speed. ), available here http://codes.ohio.gov/orc/45. 4501.01(A); 4511.01(A); 4511.55(A). Wyoming currently requires that no person operate a motor vehicle on a public street or highway while using a handheld electronic wireless communication device to write, send or read a text-based communication, subject to limited exceptions. Source: Mo. In addition, no person shall leave a door open on the side of a vehicle available to moving traffic for a period of time longer than necessary to load or unload passengers. As "motorized bicycles," electric bicycles are subject to some motor vehicle laws, including requirements for licensing, registration, and insurance. The District of Columbia provides that a person driving a motor vehicle shall exercise due care by leaving a safe distance, but in no case less than 3 feet, when overtaking and passing a bicycle. In Alabama are vehicles according to the statute that defines vehicles and a person riding a bicycle has all of the rights and duties of the driver of a vehicle as provided in Chapter 32-5A. For more information on such plates please visit: http://www.jeffrothcyclingfoundation.org/. At least 75% of the funds generated by the plates must go to: For more information on such plates please visit: http://www.flhsmv.gov/dmv/specialtytags/miscellaneous/share_the_road.html. Connecticut has a law authorizing Share the Road license plates, but they are not currently available through Connecticut's Department of Motor Vehicles website. Oregon protects vulnerable road users by providing increased penalties if the court determines that a person guilty of careless driving contributed to the serious physical injury or death of a vulnerable user of a public way: In addition, Oregon provides that the offense of vehicular assault of a bicyclist or pedestrian is a Class A misdemeanor which occurs if: Source: Or. 13 02.495(d). Ann. However, the Michigan Drivers Manual, What Every Driver Must Know, advises that opening a vehicle door in the path of a bicyclist is dangerous and illegal: http://www.michigan.gov/documents/wedmk_16312_7.pdf. ), available here http://www.capitol.hawaii.gov/. The DMV of California defines a class 1 e-bike as an electric bicycle that can reach a maximum speed of 20 miles per hour while the rider pedals in addition to . It is legal for all persons of any age to operate a bicycle without wearing a helmet unless otherwise provided by a municipal regulation. Rev. A bicycle may be ridden far enough to the left to prevent overtaking vehicles from attempting to pass in the same lane; (d) Approaching an intersection or driveway where right-turn movements are permitted. There are currently no national standards for laws protecting vulnerable road users, but the League of American Bicyclists has drafted a Model Vulnerable Road User statute,which you can findhere. A minor is a person under 18 years of age. Seventy-two percent of those trips are currently made by cars and fewer than 2 percent by bicycle. You can pre-order a plate here:https://calbikeplate.com/. The overtaking of a bicycle by a motor vehicle, or vice versa, is governed by general traffic laws and, in most circumstances, such overtaking must be done to the left at a safe distance. In Idaho, bicycles are defined as vehicles. In addition, no person shall leave a door open on the side of a vehicle available to moving traffic, including pedestrians and bicycles on sidewalks, shoulders or bicycle lanes, for a period of time longer than necessary to load or unload passengers. In Ohio bicycles are vehicles according to the statutes that define what a vehicle is. West Virginia does not provide any modifications to the requirement to come to a complete stop when directed to stop by traffic control devices and does not authorize bicyclists to disobey traffic lights that fail to detect bicyclists. Nevada's . Shall come to a full and complete stop at the intersection, and. In addition, Arkansas's law prohibiting driving while under the influence of alcohol or other controlled substances is written so that it applies to anyone in actual physical control of a motor vehicle and therefore does not directly apply to bicyclists. Connecticut does not provide any modifications to the requirement to come to a complete stop when directed to stop by traffic control devices and does not authorize bicyclists to disobey traffic lights that fail to detect bicyclists. Grab a copy of the Missouri Driver Guide and Motorcycle Operator Manual and study up. South Carolina requires that every bicyclist operating a bicycle upon a roadway shall ride as near to the right side of the roadway as practicable. Stat. The legal information on this website is not a substitute for the primary sources of law in your jurisdiction or the personalized advice of an attorney. 32:1(92); 32 194. Maryland requires that the driver of a motor vehicle overtaking a bicycle pass safely at a distance of not less than 3 feet, unless, at the time: Drivers can cross to the left side of the roadway in a no-passing zone, typically marked by a double yellow line, in order to provide a safe passing distance to bicyclists. Source:Alaska Stat. Code 46.68.420; 46.18.200; 46.04.535. Two motorized bicyclists may ride abreast of one another, but may not ride in the same lane as motor vehicles. Vermont requires that no person open the door of a motor vehicle on the side nearest to moving traffic unless it is reasonably safe to do so and can be done without interfering with the movement of traffic. & Traf. The laws regulating the operation of bicycles in the state of Alabama are generally found in Title 32 of the Code of Alabama (Ala. Code) available here http://alisondb.legislature.state.al.us/acas/codeofalabama/1975/coatoc.htm. Hawaii does not offer Share the Road license plates at this time. In the event a motor vehicle needs to cross a double yellow line in the roadway to facilitate three feet of clearance, the motor vehicle is permitted as conditions of the roadway allow given the relative speed of the vehicles and the clear line of sight available. Nevertheless bicycles should not be operated while intoxicated. Further, when overtaking or passing a bicycle proceeding in the same direction, the driver of a motor vehicle shall exercise due care and: Nevada has no helmet law. Code tit. Mississippi does not define who is a "vulnerable road user," but has several statutes aimed at protecting bicyclists specifically. The laws regulating the operation of bicycles in the state of Louisiana are generally found in Title 32 of the Louisiana Revised Statutes (La. For more information on such plates please visit: http://www.in.gov/bmv/2778.htm. E-bikes also provide a new transportation and recreation option for people with disabilities and those with physical limitations. Stat. Connecticut provides that the driver of a vehicle overtaking another vehicle proceeding in the same direction shall pass to the left thereof at a safe distance and shall not again drive to the right side of the highway until safely clear of the overtaken vehicle. It is legal for all persons of any age to operate a bicycle without wearing a helmet unless otherwise provided by a municipal regulation. California provides that whenever a bicycle lane has been established on a roadway, any person operating a bicycle upon the roadway at a speed less than the normal speed of traffic moving in the same direction at that time shall ride within the bicycle lane, except that the person may move out of the lane under any of the following situations: California specifically provides that it is unlawful for any person to ride a bicycle upon a highway while under the influence of an alcoholic beverage or any drug, or under the combined influence of an alcoholic beverage and any drug. 8-15,111; 8-2,100; 8-296; 8-2,101. In addition, a motor vehicle operator may pass a bicycle traveling in the same direction in a non-passing zone with the duty to execute the pass only when it is safe to do so. The following presumptions apply based on a person's blood alcohol concentration: Kentucky provides that a bicyclist operating on a highway or highway shoulder may proceed after stopping and if safe against a red light if a traffic signal fails to detect the bicycle. In addition, the driver of a vehicle may pass a bicycle proceeding in the same direction in a no-passing zone with the duty to execute the pass only when it is safe to do so. Stat. Tennessee requires that a bicyclist, traveling at a speed less than the speed of traffic, must ride as close as practicable to the right-hand edge of the roadway except under any of the following circumstances: Tennessee does not have a statute that specifically authorizes or prohibits the operation of a bicycle upon a sidewalk. Nevada authorizes a person on a bicycle to proceed through a red light after coming to a stop if the person waits for two complete cycles of the lights or lighted arrows and the signal does not change because of a malfunction or because the signal failed to detect the presence of the bicycle. North Dakota prohibits any person from driving any vehicle, including a bicycle, upon a sidewalk or sidewalk area except upon a permanent or duly authorized temporary driveway. There are currently no national standards for laws protecting vulnerable road users, but the League of American Bicyclists has drafted a Model Vulnerable Road User statute,which you can findhere. Transp. Indiana does not have a law that sets a specific distance for a motor vehicle overtaking a bicycle. Ann. 47 11-1208(b) & (c). When overtaking and passing another bicycle, pedestrian, or other vehicle within the bike lane if the overtaking and passing cannot be done safely within the bike lane; When preparing for a left turn at an intersection or into an alley, private road, or driveway; When reasonably necessary to leave the bike lane to avoid debris or other hazardous condition; or. When overtaking and passing another vehicle proceeding in the same direction under the rules governing that movement; When the right half of a roadway is closed to traffic while under construction or repair; Upon a roadway divided into three (3) marked lanes for traffic under the rules applicable thereon; or. Stat. This guidance is likely based on Pennsylvanias law regarding inoperable or malfunctioning signals, which instructs vehicular traffic facing a red or completely unlighted signal to stop in the same manner as at a stop sign and proceed in the same manner as one would proceed after making a stop at a stop sign. Generally, Illinois does not provide any modifications to the requirement to come to a complete stop when directed to stop by traffic control devices and does not authorize bicyclists to disobey traffic lights that fail to detect bicyclists. Vermont has no helmet law. tit. Additionally, note that: Code Ann. Ann. Rev. Ann. Licensing and Registration Requirements All electric bike riders are required by law to carry an operator's license and must meet the state's registration requirements. There are currently no national standards for laws protecting vulnerable road users, but the League of American Bicyclists has drafted a Model Vulnerable Road User statute, which you can find here. Source: Alaska Admin. To accomplish safe passing a motor vehicle may cross the center of the highway if the left side is clearly visible and free of oncoming traffic for a sufficient distance to permit overtaking and passing to be completed without interfering with the operation of any vehicle approaching from the opposite direction or of any vehicle overtaken. A person who causes substantial bodily injury to a vulnerable user by the operation of a vehicle in a negligent manner may be charged with negligent injury in the first degree, a class C felony; A person who caused the death of a vulnerable user by the operation of a vehicle in a manner that constitutes simple negligence may be charged with negligent homicide in the second degree, a class C felony; and. Sources: Colo. Rev. Bicycles should not be operated while intoxicated and operating a bicycle while under the influence of alcohol or other controlled substances may result in severe punishments. Code 9-30-5-1; 9-30-5-2; 9-13-2-196(f). Wyoming does not have any vulnerable road user laws at this time. An individual who is lawfully operating or riding any of the following on a highway, shoulder, crosswalk, or sidewalk: (i) a bicycle, (ii) a farm tractor or farm equipment, (iii) a play vehicle, (iv) a motor scooter, (v) a motorcycle, (vi) an animal-drawn vehicle, (vii) an EPAMD (electric personal assistive mobility device), or (viii) a wheelchair. New Hampshire does not provide any modifications to the requirement to come to a complete stop when directed to stop by traffic control devices and does not authorize bicyclists to disobey traffic lights that fail to detect bicyclists. On roads where the speed limit is more than 25 . Source: Mo. If two bicyclists arrive at an intersection where they can treat stop signs as yield signs at the same time, the bicyclist to the left should yield to the bicyclist to the right. Stat. Compilation of Bicycle laws by Utah Department of Health: Compilation of Bicycle laws by Utah Bicycling Coalition: Utah Department of Transportation Bicycle & Pedestrian Guide: Salt Lake City Police Department Bicycling resources: A motorist to exercise due care in passing a vulnerable user, which includes increasing clearance, to pass the vulnerable user safely; A motorist to not, in a careless or imprudent manner, approach, pass, or maintain speed unnecessarily close to a vulnerable user; and. 21 101; 4193. Kansas has no helmet law. For more information on such plates please visit: http://georgiabikes.org/index.php/support/share-the-road-car-tag. Missouri Department of Transportation Compilation of laws: St. Joseph Area Transportation Study Organization Bicycle pamphlet: Missouri Bicycle and Pedestrian Federation Legal resources: Intentionally interfere with the movement of a person who is lawfully riding a bicycle; or. However, 25 states do not have helmet requirements for any class of e-bike. The operator of a bicycle emerging from, or entering an alley, driveway, or building, shall upon approaching a sidewalk, or the sidewalk area extending across any alleyway, yield the right-of-way to all pedestrians approaching on said sidewalk, and upon entering the roadway shall yield the right-of-way to all vehicles approaching on said roadway, to the extent necessary to safely enter the flow of traffic. Stat. In addition, no person shall leave a door open on a side of a vehicle available to moving traffic for a period of time longer than necessary to load or unload passengers. Electric scooter - a type of device with handlebars, a floorboard or a seat, and an electric motor that can be powered by the electric motor and/or human power. In Utah bicycles are vehicles according to the statute that defines vehicles and a person riding a bicycle has all of the rights and duties of a driver of a vehicle Chapter 6a of Title 41 the Utah Code, except for special regulations specific to bicycles and those provisions that by their nature can have no application. Source: Ariz. Rev. North Dakota requires that a bicyclist ride as near to the right side of the roadway as practicable, exercising due care when passing a standing vehicle or one proceeding in the same direction. Gen. Laws. Stat. Slow to the speed of an ordinary walk where pedestrians are present or reasonably expected to be present or if approaching a crosswalk, driveway, or other crossing where a motor vehicle is expected; Not suddenly leave the sidewalk or crosswalk and move into the path of another vehicle that is close enough to constitute an immediate hazard; and. Virginia requires that any driver of any vehicle overtaking a bicycle proceeding in the same direction shall pass at a reasonable speed at least three feet to the left of the overtaken bicycle and shall not again proceed to the right side of the highway until safely clear of such overtaken bicycle. Code Ann. Nevertheless bicycles should not be operated while intoxicated. When reasonably necessary to leave the bike lane because the bike lane is overlaid with a right turn lane, merge lane, or other marking that breaks the continuity of the bike lane. Oregon requires that a bicyclist, traveling at a speed less than the speed of traffic, must ride as close as practicable to the right curb or edge of the roadway, except under any of the following circumstances: Oregon requires that a driver of a motor vehicle yield the right of way to any bicyclist on a sidewalk. A bicycle using any portion of an available roadway due to unsafe surface conditions. 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